Apple Confirms Unencrypted Kernel in iOS 10 Beta is Intentional

Yesterday it was discovered that iOS 10 does not feature an encrypted kernel, allowing users and researchers access to the core of the operating system and its inner workings. It was unclear at the time whether the lack of encryption was an accident or intentional, but today Apple confirmed to TechCrunch that the company did not encrypt the kernel for a reason.

ios10

“The kernel cache doesn’t contain any user info, and by unencrypting it we’re able to optimize the operating system’s performance without compromising security,” an Apple spokesperson told TechCrunch.

The kernel, which dictates how software can use hardware and keeps the device secure, is unencrypted so that developers and researchers can "poke around" and find potential security flaws. Because the kernel is easier to access and flaws may be easier to find, Apple can more easily and more quickly patch potential issues.

The move is a shift for Apple, who had encrypted the kernel in past versions of iOS, leaving developers and researchers out of the loop on the inner workings of the operating system. As noted by security expert Jonathan Zdziarski, it's likely that Apple has made this shift to prevent groups from "hoarding" vulnerabilities in Apple's software, like the vulnerability used by the FBI to break into the iPhone 5c of the San Bernardino shooter.

Related Forum: iOS 10

Popular Stories

Apple Shopping Event 2025

Apple Announces 2025 Black Friday Event, Here's What You Can Get

Thursday November 20, 2025 6:28 am PST by
Apple's annual four-day Black Friday through Cyber Monday shopping event is returning on Friday, November 28 through Monday, December 1 in many countries, including the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, Belgium, the Netherlands, Sweden, Thailand, and others. During the shopping event, customers can get an Apple gift card with...
iOS 26

Everything New in iOS 26.2 Beta 3

Monday November 17, 2025 3:20 pm PST by
Apple provided developers with the third beta of an upcoming iOS 26.2 update, and there are still new features that are being added with each beta that we get. We've rounded up all of the changes that Apple made in beta 3. AirDrop Apple added new AirDrop functionality, providing a way for two people to share files temporarily without having to add one another as contacts. iOS 26.2...
applecare apple care banner

Apple Brings New AppleCare+ Options to India

Tuesday November 18, 2025 8:42 am PST by
Apple today announced an expansion of AppleCare+ coverage in India, with new options for monthly and annual plans, and the addition of Theft and Loss for iPhone for the first time. Options for monthly and annual AppleCare+ plans in India provide more choice and flexibility, allowing users to keep coverage for as long as they require. Apple's vice president of Worldwide iPhone Product...
iPhone 17 Pro Cosmic Orange

10 Reasons to Wait for Next Year's iPhone 18 Pro

Wednesday November 19, 2025 4:00 am PST by
Apple's iPhone development roadmap runs several years into the future and the company is continually working with suppliers on several successive iPhone models at the same time, which is why we often get rumored features months ahead of launch. The iPhone 18 series is no different, and we already have a good idea of what to expect for the iPhone 18 Pro and iPhone 18 Pro Max. One thing worth...
Apple Wallet ID Illinois

iPhone Driver's License Feature Launching in Illinois

Tuesday November 18, 2025 8:47 am PST by
In select U.S. states, residents can add their driver's license or state ID to the Wallet app on the iPhone and Apple Watch, providing a convenient and contactless way to display proof of identity or age at select airports and businesses, and in select apps. Starting this Wednesday, November 19, the feature will be available to residents of Illinois. The announcement confirmed that the...
ipad mini 7 feature red and blue

iPad Mini 8: Four Major New Features to Expect

Wednesday November 19, 2025 7:50 am PST by
Apple's eighth-generation iPad mini is highly likely to arrive next year, offering a significant refresh of the device with at least four major new features. OLED Display The next-generation version of the iPad mini could feature an OLED display, as part of Apple's plan to expand the display technology across many more of its devices. Apple's first OLED device was the Apple Watch in 2015, ...
iPhone 17 Pro and Air N1 Feature

iPhone 17 vs. iPhone 16 Wi-Fi Speeds: New Study Reveals the Winner

Tuesday November 18, 2025 10:53 am PST by
A new study has revealed that the iPhone 17, iPhone 17 Pro, iPhone 17 Pro Max, and iPhone Air achieve significantly faster average Wi-Fi speeds compared to the iPhone 16 series, thanks to Apple's custom-designed N1 chip. The study was conducted by Ookla, the company behind the popular Speedtest website and app. It said the results are based on global, crowdsourced Speedtest user data...
macbook black friday

The Best Early Black Friday Mac Deals

Tuesday November 18, 2025 7:32 am PST by
We're getting closer to Black Friday, which lands next week on Friday, November 28. In the lead-up to the shopping holiday, we're tracking a few lowest-ever prices on Apple's most popular Macs, including the M4 MacBook Air and brand new M5 MacBook Pro. Note: MacRumors is an affiliate partner with some of these vendors. When you click a link and make a purchase, we may receive a small payment,...
best early black friday deals

Best Black Friday Apple Deals Live Now - Save on AirPods, iPads, and Apple Watches

Saturday November 15, 2025 1:45 pm PST by
We're officially in the month of Black Friday, which will take place on Friday, November 28 in 2025. As always, this will be the best time of the year to shop for great deals, including popular Apple products like AirPods, iPad, Apple Watch, and more. In this article, the majority of the discounts will be found on Amazon. Note: MacRumors is an affiliate partner with some of these vendors. When ...
Magic Keyboard Touch ID Feature

Apple Releases New Firmware for 140W USB-C Power Adapter, Magic Keyboard and Magic Trackpad

Tuesday November 18, 2025 1:05 pm PST by
Apple today released updated firmware for several accessories, including the 140W USB-C Power Adapter, the Magic Trackpad 2, the Magic Trackpad USB-C, the Magic Keyboard with Touch ID, and the Magic Keyboard with Touch ID and Numeric Keypad. There is no word on what's included in the updated firmware at this time, but it could offer performance improvements and security updates. Accessory...

Top Rated Comments

Quu Avatar
123 months ago
I'd just like to point something out. Apple does not offer a bug bounty program. That is to say there is no bounty to be awarded if you report a bug to them no matter how serious it is.

By contrast Microsoft offers $100,000 for a unique kernel level exploit, $15,000 for a Edge browser exploit and $100,000 for a unique solution to a presented exploit that they have yet to come up with / implement.

So if you were to find an Edge browser exploit in Windows 10 and another exploit that allowed you to jump the sandbox and gain root access to the operating system and then figured out a solution to stop the attack that is safe and implementable you could earn yourself $215,000.

Find the same in iOS, macOS, watchOS or tvOS and earn $0. It's about time Apple got serious and offered their own bug bounty program. It's the most meaningful way to get serious vulnerabilities reported.

And remember the FBI and NSA are paying upwards of $1 Million dollars (as shown in congress reports) for root level attacks on iOS, macOS and Windows. That is the competition. If you're a security researcher who're you gonna tell? Apple and earn nothing or the NSA/FBI and change your entire life?
Score: 57 Votes (Like | Disagree)
6836838 Avatar
123 months ago
I see. So open-source now equals openly exposing vulnerabilities for the collective good so a select user group can not exponentially exploit said vulnerability.

Yeah, didn't work too well for Android, though.
You're very confused. Please research the difference between binaries and source code.
Score: 27 Votes (Like | Disagree)
RichTeer Avatar
123 months ago
I see. So open-source now equals openly exposing vulnerabilities for the collective good so a select user group can not exponentially exploit said vulnerability.
Umm, unencrypted binary != open source...
Score: 26 Votes (Like | Disagree)
C DM Avatar
123 months ago
I see. So open-source now equals openly exposing vulnerabilities for the collective good so a select user group can not exponentially exploit said vulnerability.

Yeah, didn't work too well for Android, though.
Where does open-source come from? :confused:
Score: 21 Votes (Like | Disagree)
doelcm82 Avatar
123 months ago
In Apple marketing terms, this is called innovation.
Apple marketing is not calling this anything.

You are calling it innovation, and then snickering at the "Apple marketing" in your mind for calling it innovation.

Well done.
Score: 9 Votes (Like | Disagree)
Nothlit Avatar
123 months ago
So has anyone in the tech press asked them why only the 64-bit kernelcache was left unencrypted while the 32-bit kernelcache remains encrypted? What about the update and restore ramdisks, which also remain encrypted? The rest of the boot chain? Why not let us peek at those, too?

Apple PR's statement that "[t]he kernel cache doesn't contain any user info" is ridiculously obvious to anyone with technical knowledge in this area. That statement is clearly only intended to placate the non-technical masses who might hear "Apple" and "unencrypted" in the same sentence and get worried about the privacy battle.

Secondly, what sort of performance improvement can this possibly make? Even assuming the kernelcache has to be decrypted once per boot, that must take what, a couple hundred milliseconds for the hardware-accelerated AES engine to do its thing?

I am really baffled by Apple's response. If it was indeed intentional, it must have been for reasons other than what they are saying.
Score: 8 Votes (Like | Disagree)